Determine longest chain, keep in mind, then find any side chains. Find the number and the length of each chain and name it accordingly.
3-ethyl (two carbons from 3rd position of main chain) or 2,3-dimethyl (two separate side chains of one carbon each from positions 2 and 3)etc... then state longest chain with functional groups (alcohol etc), if necessary and the bond nature (single or double or triple).
ane ene yne
If a halogen is present, number it off the longest chain to get the smallest number and state “number-halogen” before side chains.
With carboxylic acids start the counting from the carbon attached to the two oxygens. End name with “oic acid”.
Esters are made of an alcohol and carboxylic acid. The alcohol becomes the first part of the name, ending with ‘thyl’, the carboxylic acid is the second part with ‘oate’. Oate has it’s first carbon connected to both oxygens, alcohol only bonded to one. Counting for side chains are from the oxygens.
ethanol + propanoic acid = ethyl propanoate + water
Naming organic compounds - http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/orgnom/main/rules.html
Basic Naming - http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtTxtJml/nomen1.htm
Organic - naming compounds
Determine longest chain, keep in mind, then find any side chains. Find the number and the length of each chain and name it accordingly.
3-ethyl (two carbons from 3rd position of main chain) or 2,3-dimethyl (two separate side chains of one carbon each from positions 2 and 3)etc... then state longest chain with functional groups (alcohol etc), if necessary and the bond nature (single or double or triple).
ane ene yne
If a halogen is present, number it off the longest chain to get the smallest number and state “number-halogen” before side chains.
With carboxylic acids start the counting from the carbon attached to the two oxygens. End name with “oic acid”.
Esters are made of an alcohol and carboxylic acid. The alcohol becomes the first part of the name, ending with ‘thyl’, the carboxylic acid is the second part with ‘oate’. Oate has it’s first carbon connected to both oxygens, alcohol only bonded to one. Counting for side chains are from the oxygens.
ethanol + propanoic acid = ethyl propanoate + water